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Open Access Article
1 - Formulation of Implicit Philosophy of Education inAncient Iranian Culture
دکتر سمانه خلیلی khosrow BagheriThe purpose of this article is to extract the Iranian philosophy of education based on the cultural characteristics of the ancient Iran. To obtain this aim, we will consider Taylor’s definition of culture and his emphasis on four main elements including state, social co MoreThe purpose of this article is to extract the Iranian philosophy of education based on the cultural characteristics of the ancient Iran. To obtain this aim, we will consider Taylor’s definition of culture and his emphasis on four main elements including state, social conditions, religion and education. In terms of research methods, we will employ historical method, transcendental analysis, and practical deduction. The findings of this research are organized in terms of the final goal of education, the fundamental concept of education, the philosophical foundations (anthropology, epistemology, and axiology) and the principles derived from them. Accordingly, in the ancient Iran, the final goal of education was “attaining goodness” and in this regard, different dimensions of human existence were considered. This point, especially in the individual aspect is one of the strengths of implicit philosophy of ancient Iranian education. Concerning anthropology, there was a deterministic look to human and his abilities, as well as social immobility and belonging to a particular social class, characteristics that can be criticized. In epistemology, the dependence of knowledge on the social classes, the lack of attention to the value of knowledge itself and the domination of imitative approaches over rationalization are among the weaknesses of this educational philosophy. There are also strengths and weaknesses in its axiology. In the social dimension, the stability of class values and the lack of power of choice are negative points. On the other hand, in terms of individual values, the commitment of individuals and the role of the family in transferring values are considered to be positive points. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Relation of Anthropological Foundation of the Theory of Bildung with the idea of University in the Thought of Wilhelm von Humboldt
Ahmad Banyasady Mahdi Sajadi khosrow Bagheri Meysam SefidhkhoshThe theories of Bildung are among the most extensive theories in German thought. An illustration of Bilung is given by Wilhelm von Humboldt in the concept of university named after him as “Humboldtian University”. A certain anthropological framework plays an important MoreThe theories of Bildung are among the most extensive theories in German thought. An illustration of Bilung is given by Wilhelm von Humboldt in the concept of university named after him as “Humboldtian University”. A certain anthropological framework plays an important role in this idea. The main purpose of this article is to, firstly, explain and identify the basic components of this framework. The next step is showing the relationship between these components and the pillars of the idea of a Humboldtian university. The results show that "human" in Humboldt's thought is not a predetermined being, rather the ideal of humanity will be raised through humans' purposeful and ongoing actions. Essentially, it depends - more than anything else - on the principle of freedom, the expansion of situations/ situations and empowerment conditions in an inclusive interactive context with the (non-human) world. It is also the achievement of a balanced and homogenous personality that this theory represents for human beings. In addition, the achievement of Bildung in the social field is the promotion of popular culture, which will bring it to the attention of the whole community. It is shown that Humboldt’s idea of the university also includes such features. The result of this research is expected to increase our insight into the theoretical foundations of one of the famous university ideals, the Humboldtian ideal, of which we as yet have paid little attention Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Reflection on the Critical Themes about Hegelian Education with Regard to Phenomenology of Spirit
khosrow Bagheri Meysam SefidhkhoshThe aim of this study is to review the critical themes on Hegelian education based on the concept of education in Hegelian Phenomenology. For this purpose, this research has reviewed the critiques of Hegelian education by Conceptual Analysis method. "Normative education MoreThe aim of this study is to review the critical themes on Hegelian education based on the concept of education in Hegelian Phenomenology. For this purpose, this research has reviewed the critiques of Hegelian education by Conceptual Analysis method. "Normative education with emphasis on both teaching and learning poles" and "Rejecting the absolute freedom in education", are among the strengths reviewed. Education in Hegel's Phenomenology is based on the interaction of two poles of teaching and learning in order to achieve the desirable educational aims. Therefore the absolute/ negative freedom of individuals for respect to norms and educational values gives its place to positive freedom. "Totalitarianism in education" and "Ambiguity on freedom in childhood education", are two weaknesses in Hegel's education that have critically been reviewed. With this interpretation that totalitarianism in education does not only mean ignoring the other, but also the wisdom in Hegel is intertwined with the idea of the other and it develops by this interaction with others. However, the concept of freedom in childhood for recognizing the totality of the wisdom requires a reconstructive interpretation of Hegelian education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating Iranian Identity Based on Charles Taylor's Idea about Recognition and Its Implications for Education
mostafa moradi khosrow Bagheri shahin Eirvani Babak shamshiriThe issue of Iranian identity has always been one of the most challenging issues. Determining the common elements of Iranian identity is a matter of controversy, and the differences among different viewpoints will have consequences in practice. The present study has con MoreThe issue of Iranian identity has always been one of the most challenging issues. Determining the common elements of Iranian identity is a matter of controversy, and the differences among different viewpoints will have consequences in practice. The present study has considered the issue of Iranian identity from an educational point of view. For this purpose, from among the various and multiple dimensions of Iranian identity, two important ones, namely language and religion, have been considered as pivotal. Explaining the views of Charles Taylor has provided us with a basis for analyzing the identity of Iranians and has led to indications in the field of education. Conceptual analysis and practical inference are used as research methods. Among the implications of this research are "diversifying education based on Iranian cultural and identity diversity", "convergent education based on the idea of recognition", and "deepening of social relations based on dialogue-oriented education”. Finally, based on the implications, some of the Iranian official documents in the field of formal education have been reviewed and evaluated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Reason and Reasoning from the Perspective of Neuroscience Based on Antonio Damasio's View and its Implications for Rational Education
Azad Mhammadi khosrow Bagheri Mahmud talkhabi Narges SajadiehThe main purpose of this study is the investigation on the place of reason and reasoning in Damasio’s view (with the emphasis on somatic marker hypothesis) and displaying its implications for rational education. The question raised up here is: what are the implications MoreThe main purpose of this study is the investigation on the place of reason and reasoning in Damasio’s view (with the emphasis on somatic marker hypothesis) and displaying its implications for rational education. The question raised up here is: what are the implications of Damasio’s theory for rational education? The research has been carried out by using the descriptive – analytic method. The neurobiological view of Damasio by emphasis on the role of body and biological regulation (homeostasis, value principle, emotions and feelings) correlates the flourishing of reason with emotions and feelings. Damasio believes that the coherence of cognition and affectional aspects is a necessity that originates from the evolution of organisms in order to maintain and manage life. Hence the proper function of reasoning is fundamentally dependent on the real function of emotions and feelings. In this view, reason defects, rather than being cognitive in nature, are related to defects in the functions of feeling and emotion. Hence, if the emotional system functions improperly, the decision-making process and reasoning will be faced with a fundamental defect. Among the implications of the Damasio’s perspective for rational education are: a) the recognition of the profitable role of emotions in flourishing reasoning skills; b) utilizing the capacity of reasoning to modify the counseling role of emotions; and c) integration, instead of segregation, of curriculum based on the interrelation of thought-emotion education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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Open Access Article
7 - The Dichotomy of Autonomy and Authenticity in Education; An Autonomous or Responsible Person?
jalal karimian Narges Sajjadieh khosrow Bagheri Mahdi MontazerghaemAutonomy, a widely recognized ideal in the realm of education, has been subject to diverse interpretations. In its broadest sense, autonomy pertains to adhering to one's own laws. Imbued with significance by Kant, the progenitor of this notion within contemporary philos MoreAutonomy, a widely recognized ideal in the realm of education, has been subject to diverse interpretations. In its broadest sense, autonomy pertains to adhering to one's own laws. Imbued with significance by Kant, the progenitor of this notion within contemporary philosophy, autonomy is regarded as a descriptor of human volition, crucial for the establishment of an absolute moral code. This term finds a profound association with modern rationality. In contrast to autonomy, authenticity emerges as a concept that, while acknowledging human freedom as the aim of education, directs attention toward the actualization of freedom throughout the educational process and human development. In the contemporary era, educational conceptions of autonomy have presented various definitions attempting to elucidate the nexus between rationality and authenticity. However, the philosophical profundity of authenticity has received limited attention within these delineations. Within this context, Heidegger's explication of authenticity (or Eigentlichkeit) possesses the potential to deepen the ideal of autonomy within education. In his ontological existentialism, Heidegger conceives of authenticity as humanity's capacity to engage in spiritual contemplation, aligned with a profound understanding of existence as a meaningful totality, while acknowledging an ongoing connection with truth. Being authentic, therefore, implies openness toward Being itself and an earnest quest for truth within human life. Authenticity arises from a departure from the prescribed paths laid by others, leading toward a more fulfilled existence and facilitating an existential consciousness concerning Being-towards-death. The pursuit of this path necessitates an acceptance of the inner calling of human conscience, embracing fully one's ontological responsibility. Hence, authenticity and its concomitant truth-seeking nature become profoundly intertwined, ultimately serving as a complement to existing definitions of autonomy. Therefore, as a consequence, authenticity emerges as a foundational principle, serving as a guiding light that elevates human responsibility to the forefront as the central objective and primary pathway within the realm of educational pursuits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A Comparative Study on Human Agency in Bandura’s Cognitive-Social Theory and the Islamic Approach of “Human as agent”
mahdi naserzaeim Reza mohammadi khosrow Bagheri Jalil Fathabadi OMID shokriThe purpose of this article is to compare the concept of agency in Bandura's cognitive-social theory and the Islamic approach of "human as agent". According to Bandura, agency refers to a voluntary effect on one's performance and environmental events, which has the main MoreThe purpose of this article is to compare the concept of agency in Bandura's cognitive-social theory and the Islamic approach of "human as agent". According to Bandura, agency refers to a voluntary effect on one's performance and environmental events, which has the main aspects of intentionality, foresight, self-reaction, and self-reflection. On the other hand, in the Islamic perspective, human action or agency is based on three fundamental bases: cognition, tendency, and volition. In terms of methodology, the current study is a comparative study that deals with similarities and differences of two viewpoints with a glance on their roots. In the educational section, Frankena’s practical syllogism is used as the method. The basics and aspects of agency in both perspectives have a lot in common, in such a way that foresight and self-reflection in the first perspective can be compared with the cognition in the second approach; as self-reactivity and intentionality in the first approach can be compared with the emotional and volitional bases in the second approach. Despite this, the two views have differences in issues such as the concept of action and performance, the nature of interactive, cognitive, emotional and volitional aspects, the nature of interaction, responsibility and ethics, which will have relevant consequences for education. While, for instance, the first approach emphasizes the importance of structure, the second approach gives more weight to individual agency, and as a result of this difference, the role and influence of the individual within social structures will be different. Given the importance of human agency which is at issue in the two approaches, their commonalities are emphasized in the educational inferences. Manuscript profile
List of Articles khosrow Bagheri
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